I used to have one that burned kerosene. To light it you had to first use straight alcohol to heat it up so that the kerosene would vaporize. It was a single mantle but it sure put out a lot of light.
Used to use them back in the Boy Scout backpacking days, but haven't used one in a good 20 years. But you're right, they are very interesting. I've got a bit of camping equipment around, but no lantern. Come to think of it, I really should have one around just in case.